Nephrology

A specialist nephrology examination is a key medical appointment that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders involving the kidneys and urinary system. Nephrology is a branch of internal medicine that treats a wide range of conditions, from chronic kidney disease to high blood pressure, from urinary infections to electrolyte balance disorders. The main objective of the nephrology examination is to preserve kidney function, maintain body fluid balance and address related health problems.

A nephrological examination usually includes:

• An examination of the medical history and a complete physical examination
• Blood and urine tests
• A renal ultrasound

The most frequent diseases of nephrological interest are Nephritis, Polycystic Kidney Disease, Urinary Tract Infections, Renal Calculosis, Diabetes, Chronic Renal Failure.

A nephrological examination is useful to assess the degree of kidney function, to rule out, diagnose or monitor a kidney disease.

The patient is greeted by the specialist who will collect as much information as possible on the patient's history and lifestyle: diet, smoking, alcohol, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle, any current pathologies, previous interventions, family history of heart disease, kidney disease or diabetes, medication intake, and the frequency with which the patient urinates. The doctor will proceed with the medical examination, and if necessary will recommend a more in-depth diagnostic examination with blood tests, urine tests, and instrumental tests.

A specialist nephrology examination aims to preserve renal health, improve the patient's quality of life and prevent further damage or complications. Early intervention can help slow the progression of kidney disease, prevent deterioration of kidney function and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. A nephrological examination is essential for the long-term management of a patient's renal health and general well-being.